On first glance Rio’s architecture is uninspiring. But this is the nation’s former capital and the birthplace of starchitect Oscar Niemeyer – and there are some real gems hidden away in the sea of concrete towers – which is why Rio was the first city to be nominated a World City of Architecture by UNESCO in 2020.
The city centre has some of the finest baroque buildings in South America (including gold-glittering Sao Bento monastery and Sao Francisco church), and a new museum district with Santiago Calatrava’s spaceship-like Museu do Amanha at its centre. In Niteroi across the bay, Niemeyer’s stunning Contemporary Art Museum hovers over the water. A city centre walk and tram ride is the best way to take in the highlights, followed by a ferry hop across the water to Niteroi.
A museum dedicated to exploring the possibilities and challenges that lie ahead for our planet, and offering a unique perspective on the future of humanity. Housed in a stunning modernist fantasy building.
This 17th-century Portuguese church, Ordem Terceira de Sao Francisco, is the centrepiece of a complex of historic buildings on a hillside on central Rio, and has one of the most spectacular gilt, baroque interiors in the Americas.
Glittering with mirrors, and with gorgeous art deco galleries illuminated by a vast ceiling skylight, this traditional Portuguese coffee house in the city centre is the perfect coffee spot, and a must for lovers of architecture.
This neo-Gothic Verdigris-covered fantasy palace, built during the days of the Empire of Brazil, is Rio’s former customs house. It’s now a small naval museum that you can visit. Tours depart from the nearby Navy Cultural Centre.
Designed in the 1930s by Le Corbusier, Oscar Niemeyer and Lucio Costa, this was the first modernist building in the Americas, presaging a style that was echoed in Brasilia.
Best for ages 18
Metropolitan Cathedral
Rio de Janeiro , Southeastern Region, Brazil
Experience
Even if you’re not religious, this landmark cathedral is worth a stop to admire the building alone. A towering brutalist cone, its dark, cavernous interior is lit with long strips of iridescent modernist stained glass.
The modest facade of this 16th-century church, Mosteiro de Sao Bento, hides a lavishly decorated gilt baroque interior, which shimmers in the low light.
Brazilian star-modernist architect Oscar Niemeyer’s most famous Rio building sits sentinel over Guanabara Bay like a giant concrete flying saucer. Inside, the ‘MAC’ houses the main collection of Brazilian artist Joao Sattamin, plus works by other Brazilian artists like Aluisio Carvao, Dionisio Del Santo and Lygia Clark.
This iconic, art deco beauty, the symbol of South America, watches out over Rio from high on Corcovado Mountain. The panoramic views from the statue’s feet are dazzling.
Rio’s best buildings can easily be seen by self-guided walking and taxi. Begin a full-day tour at the Utopia Aquario tram stop in the heart of the recently renovated docklands district, walking past the extraordinary building-high indigenous murals by Eduardo Kobra and continuing east to the complex of museums and renovated colonial buildings on Praca Maua square. The most spectacular of these is Santiago Calatrava’s bone-white, spaceship-like Museum of Tomorrow.
Take a five-minute cab ride from here to the glittering baroque Sao Bento monastery, continuing on to the spectacular Manueline Gothic Real Gabinete library. Stop for a drink at the gorgeous art nouveau Confeitaria Colombo cafe. It’s a five-minute walk from here along the Largo da Carioca to Sao Francisco da Penitencia – Rio’s most spectacular colonial church.
In the afternoon take a 30-minute cab ride to Oscar Niemeyer’s extraordinary MAC museum – perched over the ocean like a flying saucer, returning on the ferry – past the striking neo-Gothic customs house on the Ilha Fiscal island. Boats leave for this return journey from the Estacao das Barcas de Niteroi (a ten-minute cab ride from MAC).
Who to go with: organised tours
1
Our selection of the best Viator tours of this attraction or activity
Historic Petrópolis From Rio: The Imperial City –Palaces, Architecture & Culture
Rio de Janeiro
Viator
Uncover the early stories that marked the imperial past history of Brazil and shaped its future visiting the charming historic city of Petrópolis.
Petrópolis is known as the imperial city, where Brazilian heritage is proudly preserved in the historical palaces, architecture, culture, food and historical displays.
It was founded in 1843 by the Emperor Dom Pedro II. It preserves historical past and the most modern touristic infrastructure, the city today receives visitors that crowd the quaint streets, museums, gardens, shops, restaurants, and exhibits.
Accompanied by a guide, learn about the curious history of the Brazilian royal family that ruled Brazil for 67 years, and why Brazil practically the entire 19th century was the only monarchy in a Latin America.
With a rich ethnic mix assimilated to its culture, Petrópolis also stands out with a unique gastronomy that combines flavors and recipes for all tastes. From funky bars to fine restaurants, and yet many breweries.